Boolean logic is the foundation of Boolean algebra. It is based and centered on three simple words called Boolean Operators: “Or,” “And,” and “Not”. The core concept of Boolean Logic is based on the idea that all values are either true or false.

Boolean logic’s based programs are used to make a simple comparison to help decision-making. Boolean logic is a form of Boolean algebra where all values are either true or false. These true and false values are used to test the conditions that finally work as the selection or iteration parameter.

In Boolean algebra, there are two states for Boolean logic. The true state is denoted by the number one, referred to as logic one or logic high, while the false state represents the number zero, called logic zero or logic low. In digital electronics, the logic “high” is denoted by the presence of a voltage potential.

In present VLSI circuits, MOSFETs are preferred over BJTs due to the following reasons:

• MOSFETs are small in size and occupy a minimal silicon area on IC chips as compared to BJTs.
• MOSFETs are relatively simple in terms of manufacturing as compared to BJTs.
• MOSFETs are preferred over BJTs because digital and memory ICs can be implemented with circuits that use only MOSFETs i.e., no resistors, diodes, etc.

There are mainly three regions of operation in MOSFET:

• The cut-off region
• The triode region
• The saturation region

Here, the cut-off region and the triode region are used to operate as a switch, and the saturation region is used to operate as an amplifier.

There are mainly three types of gates used in Boolean logic:

• NOT Gate: The NOT gate is a logic gate that is used to implement logical negation. It has one input and one output. For example, if A = 0, then the Value of B =1 and vice versa.
• AND Gate: The AND gate is a logic gate that implements logical conjunction. It has one output due to the combination of two outputs. For example, if A and B = 1, then the value of output should be 1. On the other hand, if any input value is 0, then the output will be 0.
• OR Gate: The OR gate is a logic gate that is used to implement logical disjunction. If the value of one or both the inputs to the gate is 1, the output will be 1. If both the inputs are 0, the output will be 0. For example, if A’s value is 1 or B is 0, then the value of output will be 1.

When a circuit is created by logic gates so that the required logic at the output depends not only on the current input logic conditions but also on the sequences past inputs and outputs, this circuit is called a sequential circuit.

When we apply a positive voltage across Gates, it causes the free holes (positive charge) to be repelled from the substrate region under the channel region. When these holes are pushed down the substrate, they create a carrier-depletion region.

Verilog is a Hardware Description Language commonly known as HDL. It is used for describing electronic circuits and systems. In Verilog, the circuit components are prepared inside a module that contains both behavioral and structural statements. The structural statements represent circuit components such as logic gates, counters, and microprocessors, while the behavioral statements represent the programming aspects such as loops, if-then statements, and stimulus vectors.

The number of gate inputs to CMOS gates usually limited to four because a higher number of stacks make the gate slower. In NOR and NAND gates, the number of gates present in the stack is usually like the number of inputs plus one. That’s why the input gates are restricted to four.